常見的進口塑料制品成型加工不同類型模具如何進行歸類介紹

作者:合肥超威模具有限公司 日期:2019/11/20 10:00:24

        常見的進口塑料制品成型加工不同類型模具如何進行歸類介紹,模具是現代工業的重要工藝裝備,是許多工業產品生產中不可缺少的組成部分。我國加入WTO以后,吸引外資能力的逐年增強,成為世界產品制造工廠地位愈加突出,各類工業品模具的進口越來越多。下面由合肥模具廠超(chao)威模具有限公司衛經理詳(xiang)細闡述如下:

  模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)類(lei)型通常是按照加工(gong)對象和工(gong)藝的(de)(de)不同進(jin)行分類(lei),從行業角(jiao)度(du)的(de)(de)區分來看主要有塑料模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、橡(xiang)膠模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)冷(leng)沖(chong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)冷(leng)擠(ji)壓模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)和熱擠(ji)壓模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)拉拔模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、粉末冶金(jin)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)壓鑄模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)精(jing)密鑄造(zao)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、玻(bo)璃模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、玻(bo)璃鋼模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)等等。

  下面僅(jin)就進口最(zui)為常見的塑料制品成型加工中所用不(bu)同類型的模具如(ru)何進行歸類、介紹。

  塑(su)料最常(chang)見的(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)法(fa)一(yi)般分(fen)為熔(rong)(rong)體成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)和固相成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)兩大類(lei)(lei):熔(rong)(rong)體成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)是(shi)把塑(su)料加熱至熔(rong)(rong)點以上(shang),使之(zhi)處于(yu)熔(rong)(rong)融(rong)態(tai)進行成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)加工的(de)(de)方(fang)式,屬于(yu)此(ci)種成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)模塑(su)工藝主要有注射成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)、壓塑(su)(縮)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)、擠出成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)等;固相成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)是(shi)指塑(su)料在(zai)熔(rong)(rong)融(rong)溫度以下保持(chi)固態(tai)下的(de)(de)一(yi)類(lei)(lei)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)法(fa),如(ru)(ru)一(yi)些塑(su)料包(bao)裝容器(qi)生產的(de)(de)真空(kong)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)、壓縮空(kong)氣成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)和吹塑(su)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)等。此(ci)外還(huan)有液態(tai)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)式,如(ru)(ru)鑄塑(su)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)、搪塑(su)和蘸浸(jin)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)法(fa)等。

  按照上述(shu)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方法的不同,可(ke)以劃(hua)分出對應不同工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)要(yao)(yao)求的塑(su)料(liao)加工(gong)(gong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)類型(xing)(xing),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有注射成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、擠出成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、壓(ya)塑(su)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、吹塑(su)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、吸塑(su)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、高發泡聚(ju)苯(ben)乙烯成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)等。

  塑(su)料注射(塑(su))模具

  它主要是(shi)(shi)熱(re)塑(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)件產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)應(ying)用最(zui)為普遍(bian)的(de)一種(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju),塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)注(zhu)射(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)對應(ying)的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)備是(shi)(shi)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)注(zhu)射(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)(ji),塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)首先在注(zhu)射(she)機(ji)(ji)底加熱(re)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)筒內受熱(re)熔融(rong),然后在注(zhu)射(she)機(ji)(ji)的(de)螺(luo)桿或柱(zhu)塞推動下,經(jing)注(zhu)射(she)機(ji)(ji)噴嘴和模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)澆注(zhu)系統(tong)進入模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)腔(qiang),塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)冷(leng)卻硬化成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing),脫模(mo)(mo)得到制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)。其結構(gou)(gou)通(tong)常由成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)部件、澆注(zhu)系統(tong)、導向部件、推出機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)、調溫系統(tong)、排氣系統(tong)、支撐部件等部分組成(cheng)(cheng)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)通(tong)常采用塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)模(mo)(mo)塊,常用的(de)材質(zhi)主要為碳素(su)結構(gou)(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)、碳素(su)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)、合(he)金工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼(gang)(gang)、高速鋼(gang)(gang)等。注(zhu)射(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方式通(tong)常只適用于熱(re)塑(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan),用注(zhu)射(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝生產(chan)(chan)的(de)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)十分廣泛(fan),從(cong)生活(huo)日(ri)用品(pin)(pin)到各類復雜的(de)機(ji)(ji)械、電器、交通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)零(ling)件等都是(shi)(shi)用注(zhu)射(she)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de),它是(shi)(shi)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)應(ying)用最(zui)廣的(de)一種(zhong)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法。

  塑料壓塑模具

  包括壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和壓(ya)(ya)注(zhu)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兩(liang)種結構(gou)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。它們是主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)固性(xing)塑(su)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)一類模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),其所(suo)對(dui)應的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備是壓(ya)(ya)力成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機。壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方法是根(gen)據塑(su)料(liao)特(te)性(xing),將模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)至成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)溫(wen)度(一般在(zai)(zai)103℃-180℃),然后將計量(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)塑(su)粉放(fang)入模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腔和加(jia)(jia)料(liao)室(shi),閉合(he)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),塑(su)料(liao)在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下呈軟化(hua)粘流(liu),經(jing)一定時間后固化(hua)定型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),成(cheng)為所(suo)需制品形狀。壓(ya)(ya)注(zhu)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)是設(she)有單獨的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)料(liao)室(shi),成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)前模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)先閉合(he),塑(su)料(liao)在(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)料(liao)室(shi)內完成(cheng)預(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)呈粘流(liu)態(tai),在(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)力作用(yong)(yong)(yong)下高(gao)(gao)(gao)速擠入模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腔,硬化(hua)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)也(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)某些特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)塑(su)性(xing)塑(su)料(liao)如難以(yi)熔融的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)塑(su)性(xing)塑(su)料(liao)(如聚四氟乙烯)毛坯(冷壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing))、光學性(xing)能(neng)很高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)樹脂鏡片、輕(qing)微發泡的(de)(de)(de)硝酸纖維素汽(qi)車方向(xiang)盤(pan)等。壓(ya)(ya)塑(su)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)主要(yao)(yao)由型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)腔、加(jia)(jia)料(liao)腔、導向(xiang)機構(gou)、推(tui)出部件(jian)、加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系統等組成(cheng)。壓(ya)(ya)注(zhu)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)于封(feng)裝電器元(yuan)件(jian)方面。壓(ya)(ya)塑(su)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)制造所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)材質與注(zhu)射模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)基本(ben)相同。

  塑料擠出模具

  是(shi)用來成型生產連續形(xing)狀的(de)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)產品的(de)一類模具,又(you)叫擠(ji)(ji)出成型機(ji)頭,廣(guang)泛用于(yu)(yu)管材(cai)(cai)、棒(bang)材(cai)(cai)、單(dan)絲、板材(cai)(cai)、薄膜、電線電纜包覆層、異(yi)型材(cai)(cai)等的(de)加(jia)工(gong)。與其(qi)對應的(de)生產設(she)備是(shi)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)擠(ji)(ji)出機(ji),其(qi)原理是(shi)固態塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在加(jia)熱和(he)擠(ji)(ji)出機(ji)的(de)螺桿(gan)旋(xuan)轉加(jia)壓(ya)條件下熔融、塑(su)(su)(su)化,通(tong)(tong)過特定形(xing)狀的(de)口(kou)模而制(zhi)成截面與口(kou)模形(xing)狀相同(tong)的(de)連續塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)制(zhi)品。其(qi)制(zhi)造材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)主要(yao)(yao)有(you)碳素結構(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)、合金工(gong)具鋼(gang)(gang)等,有(you)些擠(ji)(ji)出模具在需要(yao)(yao)耐(nai)磨(mo)的(de)部件上還(huan)會鑲嵌(qian)金剛石(shi)等耐(nai)磨(mo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。擠(ji)(ji)出加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝通(tong)(tong)常只適用于(yu)(yu)熱塑(su)(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)品種制(zhi)品的(de)生產,其(qi)在結構(gou)上與注塑(su)(su)(su)模具和(he)壓(ya)塑(su)(su)(su)模具有(you)明顯區別。

  塑料吹塑模具

  是用來成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)容器(qi)類中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)制(zhi)品(如飲料(liao)(liao)(liao)瓶(ping)、日化用品等(deng)各種包裝容器(qi))的一種模具(ju),吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的形式按工藝原理主要有擠出吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、注射吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、注射延(yan)伸吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(俗稱“注拉吹(chui)(chui)(chui)”)、多(duo)層吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、片材(cai)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)制(zhi)品吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)所對應的設備通常(chang)稱為(wei)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji),吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)只(zhi)適(shi)用于熱塑(su)(su)(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)品種制(zhi)品的生產。吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塑(su)(su)(su)(su)模具(ju)結構(gou)較為(wei)簡(jian)單,所用材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)多(duo)以碳素鋼制(zhi)造。

  塑料吸塑模具

  是以塑(su)料(liao)板、片(pian)材為原料(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)某(mou)些較(jiao)簡(jian)單塑(su)料(liao)制品的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju),其原理是利用抽真空成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)法或壓(ya)縮空氣成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)方(fang)法使固(gu)定在凹模(mo)或凸模(mo)上(shang)的(de)塑(su)料(liao)板、片(pian),在加熱軟化的(de)情況下變形(xing)而貼在模(mo)具(ju)(ju)的(de)型(xing)(xing)腔上(shang)得到所(suo)需成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)產(chan)品,主要用于一(yi)些日用品、食品、玩具(ju)(ju)類包裝制品生(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)面。吸(xi)塑(su)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)因成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)時壓(ya)力較(jiao)低,所(suo)以模(mo)具(ju)(ju)材料(liao)多選(xuan)用鑄(zhu)鋁或非金(jin)屬材料(liao)制造,結(jie)構較(jiao)為簡(jian)單。

  高(gao)發泡(pao)聚苯乙烯(xi)成型模(mo)具

  是應用(yong)可(ke)發性聚苯乙(yi)烯(由聚苯乙(yi)烯和(he)發泡(pao)劑組成的(de)(de)珠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)粒)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)來(lai)成型各種(zhong)所需形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)泡(pao)沫(mo)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)包(bao)裝材料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)。其原理是可(ke)發聚苯乙(yi)烯在模(mo)具(ju)(ju)內通入(ru)蒸汽(qi)成型,包(bao)括簡易手工操作模(mo)具(ju)(ju)和(he)液壓(ya)機直通式(shi)泡(pao)沫(mo)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)兩(liang)種(zhong)類型,主要用(yong)來(lai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工業(ye)品方面的(de)(de)包(bao)裝產(chan)(chan)品。制造此(ci)種(zhong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)鑄鋁、不銹鋼、青銅等。

         綜上所述(shu)觀(guan)點(dian):以(yi)上闡述(shu)了八中不同(tong)類型的(de)塑料模具(ju)進口說明,對以(yi)上如有疑問(wen)或需了解更加詳(xiang)細請(qing)致電或到廠(chang)房見面(mian)詳(xiang)細溝通(tong),共(gong)同(tong)探討模具(ju)行業精髓,超威模具(ju)網站(zhan)://tjgkw.cn/